September 2022

TimeML and TieML

(C) 2021-2022 Damir Cavar, Ali Abdulaziz Aljubailan, Soyoung Kim, Billy Dickson, Andrew Davis, Matthew Fort, Ludovic Mompelat, Zoran Tiganj, Yuna Won

TimeML:

• Times
  • Marked using TIMEX3 tag (extension of TIMEX2)
  • Contains attributes such as Document Creation Time, Type (e.g. Date, Time, Duration, Set) and Temporal Function, among others.
• Events
  • Marked using the EVENT tag
  • Lists particular informtion about the event such as event class (e.g. Reporting, Perception, Aspectual, I-Action, I-State, Occurence)
  • In the ISO-TimeML standard, tense and aspect are also listed under the EVENT tag.
• Signals
  • Marked using the SIGNAL tag
  • Mark function words that establish a relationship between two events, or a time and an event (e.g. before, after, when)
• Links
  • Specifies relationship between events, times, or time and events
  • Encodes informtion such as durations and ordering relationships
  • Three types of links including T-LINK (temporal link), S-LINK (subordinate link), and A-LINK (aspectual link)

TIE-ML:

• EventID
  • Integer
  • Each clause is treated as an event and given an ID
• Timeline
  • Integer
  • Ordering of an event in relationship to all other events.
  • Duplicate values indicate simultaneous occurence.
• Local
  • Two Event IDs in sequence
  • e.g. (2, 1) where event with EventID = 2 occurs before event with EventID = 1
  • Used with temporal connectives like before and after
• Reference
  • Marks explicit time and dates
  • Default value is publication time
• Link
  • Integer
  • Value represents another event’s EventID
  • Denotes a relationship to another event.
• Tense
  • Marks the tense of the clause
  • PAST, PRESENT, FUT
  • Default is NONE representing infinitive forms
• Perfect
  • Boolean
  • Marks the presence of perfect aspect
  • Default is FALSE
• Progressive
  • Boolean
  • Marks the presence of progressive aspect
  • Default is FALSE